Avert your eyes immediately from even a distant explosion and duck behind anything that will shield you from the instantaneous line of sight radiation and intense heat and light. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. But theres concern from critics of the W76-2, including Smith, that its utility in responding to a limited nuclear strike would quickly escalate into full-blown nuclear war, killing up to 100 million people across the globe almost immediately, according to some estimates, and setting the stage for widespread famine and displacement that could kill countless more. Oh, wait. It will be tight, but at least youll survive. Since the Cold War, the US and Russia have drawn up plans on how to best wage nuclear war against each other, and while large population centers with huge cultural impact may seem like obvious choices, strategists believe a nuclear attack will focus on countering the enemy's nuclear forces destroying them before they can counter-attack. Let me reassure the public: I do not think we are on the brink of a nuclear conflict, Smith said. 09/27/2022 01:18 PM EDT. Its a realistic scenario based on what U.S. intelligence knows about Moscows nuclear doctrine, described as escalate to de-escalate.. The going will be slower. Then stack 3 levels solid 4 concrete blocks on top of that makeshift ceiling. "In terms of the impacts of nuclear weapons in the ocean, the U.S. actually did a series of nuclear tests at Bikini Atoll, some of which were underwater tests. Russia's 6,000-warhead arsenal is the only thing that makes it a superpower. The simpleton goes blindly on and suffers the consequences.. Stock image showing a U.S. Navy nuclear test at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands. Russia's total nuclear stockpile is larger than the United States', at around 6,250 total nuclear warheads, according to the Arms Control Association. Then a light bulb went off. The Russian president noted that Moscow wasn't withdrawing from the pact altogether, and Ryabkov reaffirmed Thursday that Russia would respect the caps on nuclear weapons set under the treaty. ". In the event of a nuclear strike I am so close that my only expectation is that my radioactive ashes will give off a soft glow for the next 10,000 or so years. Remember too, that a total loss of electricity, including all TV and Radio may be your best immediate warning that a physical nuclear strike is about to fall within 15 or 20 minutes. It will not be manageable. But if you happen to live next to an ICBM silo, fear not. After Vladimir Putin said Moscow's suspending the START nuclear treaty, a viral graph shows Russia, U.S. hold 90% of the world's nuclear arms. Its an important moment for the entire country and the entire world, including Washington state, said Smith in an interview last week after being briefed by the Pentagon on the situation in Ukraine. Additional reporting by Tom Balmforth and Idrees Ali in Washington; Editing by Kevin Liffey and Dan Grebler. The Russian president noted that Moscow wasn't withdrawing from the pact altogether, and Ryabkov reaffirmed Thursday that Russia would respect the caps on nuclear weapons set under the treaty. The rest are smaller, less destructive nuclear weapons for short-range use on battlefields or at sea. The W76-2 packs a yield about one-third to one-half that of the bombs dropped onHiroshimaandNagasaki, and is not designed to be a city-destroyer, like some of its counterparts also in missiles silos, on planes and on theBangor-based subs. Joel Skousen has designed high-security residents and retreats for over 40 years. ", "[Poseidon] wouldn't have the same global reach as a large-scale conflict in cities, unless of course it triggered a larger geo-political conflict fought on land.". No one can view any of that activity. The Sarmat 2, dubbed Satan 2, missiles will be a "historic" and a. Navy). Nuclear protection purists would demand a reduction in radiation that is almost total requiring 13.8 feet of water, 10 feet of earth, 6 feet of concrete, or about 1.3 feet of leada Protection Factor (PF) of a billion, all of which are very costly to achieve. Be sure to scroll down to the bottom of the page and look to the right side and click the Dont log usage data before choosing and nuking your target. But there are ways even ordinary Americans. Discussions around the threat of nuclear war have escalated in recent weeks, as Sweden and Finland look set to join NATOand Russia saying it would not accept their membership. This article will deal mainly with the first threatsurviving the radiation. "NUKEMAP is made to make understanding nuclear explosions easy for anyone, since pretty much everyone knows how to use online mapping software these days.". It does not currently have ground-based intermediate-range nuclear missiles that it could place in Europe. Update 05/20/22, 10:22 a.m. Immediately following Richards testimony, Sen. Jim Inhofe, R-Okla., an outspoken supporter of the W76-2, tweeted: The time has come to look at what additional nuclear capabilities we need before China and Russia leave us behind.. Red=least safe. With Trumps proposed sea-launched cruise missile still up for debate inCongress, it remains to be seen whetherBangormight soon host another new nuclear weapon that upends existing nuclear strategy around the world. Even if the rival nations refrain from trading nuclear strikes, Smith knows well that every twitch from a nuclear superpower creates a cascade of ripples to other nuclear-armed states, and could kick-start a new arms race. A senior administration official said any use of a "small" tactical nuclear bomb by Russia even inside Ukraine and not directed at a NATO member would mean that "all bets are off" on the. "We live in a world where nuclear weapons issues are on the front pages of our newspapers on a regular basis, yet most people still have a very bad sense of what an exploding nuclear weapon can actually do," Wellerstein said in a statement on the simulator website. This figureabout seven thousand times more than the nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshimamatches that given by Russian TV anchor Kiselyov. Patches of dry weather provided hikers forest refuge from the long Pacific Northwest winter. It was sold as a strategic, prompt response to an early first use of a tactical weapon. While its hard to predict how these things will play out, this is where your long-term food and water storage supplies come in. FILE - Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov attends a meeting in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, March 15, 2022. MOSCOW (Reuters) - Russian state television has listed U.S. military facilities that Moscow would target in the event of a nuclear strike, and said that a hypersonic missile Russia is. Always, looking to improve. ", Russia has produced the first set of Poseidon nuclear-capable super torpedoes. Instead of trying dozens of different targets, I used the reciprocal. The basement shelter avoids all of those disadvantages since you access it and stock it with supplies from within your home. The notoriety of bringing in a huge tank shelter on a semi-truck and burying it in your backyard with a crane guarantees that the whole neighborhood is going to know about it. According to a report published this week by the U.S. Intelligence agencies, "North Korea retains its WMD [weapons of mass destruction] capabilities" and "is unlikely to give up all of its WMD stockpiles, delivery systems, and production capabilities." Authored by Owen Evans and Alexander Zhang via The Epoch Times, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has defended an official COVID-19 inquiry as the "right way" to scrutinise the handling of the pandemic after former Health Secretary Matt Hancock's WhatsApp messages were published in a British newspaper. That month, theU.S.armed its nuclear attack subs with the new W76-2 warhead, a fresh addition to the inventory that would change decision-making processes about the nuclear strategies ofWashington,Moscow,BeijingandPyongyang, North Korea. It will not be manageable. This bomb was 26 feet in length, weighed nearly 60,000 pounds, and was tested in 1961, creating what was apparently the most powerful human-created explosion in history. M.D. Fire on Lake City Way in Seattle raises smoke, flooding concerns, WA to end masking requirement in health care, correctional facilities, Tacoma woman refusing tuberculosis treatment continues to face arrest, Be bolder to get light rail done, expert panel tells Sound Transit, Driver makes U-turn, hits pedestrian near Pioneer Square, police say. The U.S. nuclear target map is an interesting and unique program unlike other nuclear target maps because it lets you pick the target and what size nuclear device that the area you chose is hit with and then shows the likely effects and range of damage and death that would be caused by that nuclear device if it hit and detonated on your chosen target area. You need less shielding the farther you are away from an explosion since radioactive dust starts to fall out from the sky closest to the detonation and only the finer high altitude particles travel longer distances, depending on the wind direction. There's a "0.0% chance" that Russia could hope to survive an act of nuclear aggression against the US, according to Schwartz. A basement shelter, with food and water for two weeks is all the average American family will need. Poseidon torpedoes were said to be meant only as retaliatory weapons, designed to hit back after a nuclear strike on Russia, according to a U.S. Congressional Research Service (CRS) report last March. 2) Immediate panic and cut off of electricity and supplies. Those will be the only ones not blocked with traffic. The W76-2 was sold toCongressand the public on precisely these kinds of scenarios, Kristensen said. But a strike on a relatively sparsely populated area could still lead to death and destruction across the US, depending on how the wind blew. Because both Russian and Chinese nuclear doctrine dictates the use of high attitude Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse weapons (EMP) just before a physical nuclear strike, the electric grid will go downwhich guarantees a lot of panic as people are plunged into darkness, lack of communication, and the cessation of all government services, like sewer and water. UN Secretary-General Antnio Guterres said this year that nuclear war is "back within the realm of possibility." Russian President Vladimir Putin also suggested in December that Russia may. MOSCOW (AP) Russian President Vladimir Putin on Tuesday signed a bill formally suspending the last remaining nuclear arms treaty with the United States, amid soaring . Grossi's last visit to Iran was . Because most areas of the country, not directly downwind and within 50 miles of a blast one, are not subject to those high levels, most people can survive with a protection factor of only 32, meaning that that radiation level is reduced to 1/32 of normal. Blue =most safe. Naval submarine base in Bangor ET: This article was updated to include additional comments from Alex Wellerstein. "I created NUKEMAP because it's very hard for anyoneeven meto intuitively understand the sizes of nuclear explosions, much less the differences between different types of nuclear weapons," Wellerstein told Newsweek. Creekmore. Once a nuclear weapon is used, we cannot promise our response will be proportional.. Keep in mind too that even Russian and Chinese war doctrine doesnt include nuking American cities on a first strike, despite the verbal threats. In the simulator description, Wellerstein said the aim of the educational tool was to help people visualize the impact of nuclear weapons in simple terms in order to help them gain an understanding of the scale of these blasts. The opinions expressed in reader comments are those of the author only and do not reflect the opinions of The Seattle Times. Russia. Based on Putins doctrine, Pentagon leaders worryRussiacould resort to using nuclear weapons, especially the low-yield variety, if its conventional forces fall behind in the fight. I used the NukeMap set to the closest possible nuclear target to my location, that is Oak Ridge Tennessee and according to the map Im safe from the detonation blast of the largest Russia bomb the Tsar Bomba, however, thermal radiation could be an issue. Iran long has denied ever seeking nuclear weapons and maintains its program is peaceful, but is widely believed to have had a nuclear weapons program until 2003. 2023 Stars and Stripes. Putin wasted no time escalating nuclear rhetoric after his military began its invasion of Ukraine just over two weeks ago, moving his arsenal to high alert on the fourth day. That amounts to 22 inches of concrete or 3 feet of dirt. Among them: Putin using a nuclear weapon in the conflict zone, or theU.S.being drawn into active combat. But what would happen if a bomb detonated? Many experts demand a one size fits all PF of 1000, but that means that very few could afford to build a shelter or safe roomand they dont. Dont get on a freeway that is already packed. Testing of components including the nuclear power unit had been successfully completed, an anonymous source reportedly told TASS. Commentators have been divided on whether Russian president Vladimir Putin would ever go so far as to use these weapons, with some calling them "empty threats," while others saying the risk is real if he feels backed into a corner. Much of the focus as of late has been on the risk of Russian President Vladimir Putin using a nuclear weapon in Ukraine in a desperate move to change his army's forturnes on the battlefield, but the Russian leader has also directed warnings at the US and NATO. Because of the much higher costs of protection close into target areas, in my book Strategic Relocation, I recommend that your money is better spent relocating, even within the same general area, to avoid being directly downwind or close to a nuclear target. New Allegations Against Andrew Callaghan , How the Late Jonathan Raban Taught Us to Not Laugh at the Possibility of George Santos Becoming President, All Aboard! But he took the opportunity to endorse a controversial update ofU.S.intercontinental ballistic missiles that theCongressional Budget Officeestimates would cost $82 billion. The simulation estimates the potential number of deaths and injuries resulting from any given blast, as well as a rough model of where any nuclear fallout will spread and the dimensions of the mushroom cloud. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider Subs based atBangortroll thePacificarmed with a mix of 630 nuclear warheads, while 490 more sit in storage in the Strategic Weapons Facility located next to the submarine base. Russia currently has 680 metric tons of HEU, over half of the total amount that exists in the world. Kiselyov is one of the main conduits of state televisions strongly anti-American tone, once saying Moscow could turn the United States into radioactive ash. As an example, you can use the model to estimate what would happen to the largest cities in the U.S. if a nuclear bomb as powerful as the infamous "Tsar Bomba" was detonated on them. "It turns out you need a vast amount of energy to do thateven more than you can get out of a nuclear blast. Trump, of course, responded by refuting the intelligence community. If Russia were to use a nuclear weapon or chemical weapons against a civilian target or targets, the response would be "much more severe." In this or some of the more serious cases described . as well as other partner offers and accept our. ET: This article was corrected to say Little Boy had a blast yield of 15 kilotons. With tensions rising over Russian fears that the United States might deploy intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Europe as a Cold War-era arms-control treaty unravels, Putin has said Russia would be forced to respond by placing hypersonic nuclear missiles on submarines near U.S. waters. This is slightly different to the immediate radiation that it is produced when a nuclear weapon explodes. AP Russia plans to test nuclear missiles capable of hitting the United States and Europe by autumn, an official said. Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters. ), Urban Survival Basics: How to Survive in the City When Disaster Strikes, The Best Urban Survival Kits and Get Home Bags For Preppers, Economic devastation is coming prepare NOW, Disaster Preparedness for EMP Attacks and Solar Storms, Where is the safest place to be in Tennessee if a nuclear war happened. He is the author of Strategic Relocation, the Secure Home, The High-Security Shelter, 10 Packs for Survival, and is the publisher of the weekly World Affairs Brief, which analyzes the weeks top stories from a perspective of what the government and the mainstream news wont telling you. There is no such thing as a tactical nuclear weapon, Smith said, referring to the alternate name for low-yield warheads. What are your plans if and when a nuclear world war three begins? Spectators were treated to an underground tour of Port Angeles, patrons swarmed community art shows and seats at casinos were full. "While a 'Nuclear Ocean Swell' sounds plenty horrifying, it would be distinct from an on-land detonation in that there would be no fire storms to loft soot into the stratosphere and thus no climate impact," Tyler Rohr, a chemical oceanographer and biogeochemical modeller at the University of Tasmania in Australia, told Newsweek. Its an important moment for the entire country and the entire world, includingWashington state, said Smith in an interview last week after being briefed by the Pentagon on the situation inUkraine. Putin's nuclear signalling is designed to deter the US and its allies from further intervention in Ukraine and . Planned "sham" referendums in Russian-controlled areas of Ukraine and rumors of a general mobilization illustrate the Kremlin's narrowing options in a war it no longer seems able to win. Putin is not suicidal.. For a bomb that size, people up to 21 km (13 miles) away would experience flash blindness on a clear day, and people up to 85 km (52.8 miles) away would be . However, they are more expensive per square foot of usable space, and they often come designed with expensive blast doors and valves, which you dont need outside of a blast area. Stock images of a nuclear warhead and a tsunami. In 2019, theU.S. count of nuclear warheads saw its first year-over-year growth since 1996, according to theU.S. State Department. Russia's war with Ukraine could come to a conclusion this year, according to a former US Army general. What is the likelihood he would use nuclear weapons, and on who and what? It hasn't been updated with the specs for the bomb North Korea tested in 2017 (or whatever they're working on right now), but if the nuke they tested in 2013 was denoted in Seattle, for. 1. TheU.S.opted not to followRussiaslead and did not elevate the alert status of its nuclear weapons. Nevermind. In a basement, that would involve building two addition stacked walls of concrete block (6ft high and 8ft across) into a corner of a room away from any window, but leaving a 24 entryway. In this era when we know exactly what nuclear weapons are, and we have nuclear weapons five, 10, 20 times more potent than we had in World War II, introducing the idea of tactical nuclear weapons is dangerous. "Russia may also rely on threats of limited nuclear first use, or actual first use, to coerce us, our allies, and partners into terminating a conflict on terms favorable to Russia," according. In 2017, Russian state media detailed how Moscow would annihilate US cities and areas after a nuclear treaty collapsed and put the Cold War rivals back in targeting mode a shocking threat even by the Russian regime's extreme standards. Let me reassure the public: I do not think we are on the brink of a nuclear conflict, Smith said. Russiamay also rely on threats of limited nuclear first use, or actual first use, to coerce us, our allies, and partners into terminating a conflict on terms favorable toRussia, according to the 2018 Nuclear Posture Review. Immediately following Richards testimony, Sen.Jim Inhofe, R-Okla., an outspoken supporter of the W76-2, tweeted: The time has come to look at what additional nuclear capabilities we need beforeChinaandRussialeave us behind.. By JAMEY KEATEN. 'Yes, He Would': Fiona Hill on Putin and Nukes Putin is trying to take down the entire world order, the veteran Russia watcher said in an interview. If Poseidon can indeed trigger enormous radioactive tsunamis, the torpedoes could have a huge impact on marine life, as well as human life. Instead of minimizing nuclear weapons, it emphasized them, even as significant arms-control accords between the U.S. and Russia crumbled. Its a more dangerous and potentially conflicted world, and were all going to have to reckon with it cautiously.. Do you have a question about nuclear tsunamis? Hello, Im M.D. This threat requires preparation to get to your secured home or retreat very quickly without getting caught in major traffic snarls. Alex Wellerstein, a historian of nuclear weapons, who is an associate professor at the Stevens Institute of Technology, in Hoboken, New Jersey, created a nuclear bomb simulator to show just that. Once a nuclear weapon is used, we cannot promise our response will be proportional.. "Some people think they destroy everything in the world all that once, some people think they are not very different from conventional bombs. "The use of . Not good however, there is some good news according to the U.S. Nuclear Target Map below from Wikimedia Commons, As you can see Oak Ridge Tennessee isnt shown as a target on the map, but then the nuclear target map is from 1984 so those targets might have changed and or more target areas added to the list, and who knows where the bombs will land during a nuclear exchange, one could go off course and land right in my bedroom. Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion. According to the site Thermal radiation can cause: Third-degree burns extend throughout the layers of skin and are often painless because they destroy the pain nerves. Even if the rival nations refrain from trading nuclear strikes, Smith knows well that every twitch from a nuclear superpower creates a cascade of ripples to other nuclear-armed states, and could kick-start a new arms race. + Caption. Most will never see any blast effects, but almost everyone will have to deal with residual radiation from anywhere from 2 weeks to a month, which is not that difficult if you prepare in advance. Hypersonic flight is generally taken to mean traveling through the atmosphere at more than five times the speed of sound. 7 One TASS report said that the HGV's nuclear warhead is "more than 2 megatons in TNT equivalent." 8 As a boost-glide weapon, the Avangard is carried to its apogee by a ballistic missile. I am looking at the map you posted and I get that the red dots are nuke targets and darker shades of brown represent death radiation and potential fallout. The targets included the Pentagon and the presidential retreat in Camp David, Maryland. There is no clear answer as to whether the US could withstand a nuclear attack from Russia. "I mean, with the current Russian regime, who knows? The W76-2 packs a yield about one-third to one-half that of the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and is not designed to be a city-destroyer, like some of its counterparts also in missiles silos, on planes and on the Bangor-based subs. Let us know via science@newsweek.com. "We don't. Gallantry: Biden presents Medal of Honor to retired Army Col. Paris Davis for his heroics in Vietnam, US to send bridge-launching vehicles for tank deployments to Ukraine in new $400M aid package, Japan complains to US over Utah senators remarks on imprisoned Navy officer, Military, VA provide troops, vets more gun safety options to help reduce suicides, Pentagon tells service members to stop displaying giant US flags at major events, K-Town Now features the latest news from the Kaiserslautern Military Community. I dropped the big one on MYSELF, and then checked to see if any likely targets were located inside the rings. "We know that from quite a lot of work which was actually done again back in the crazy days of the Cold War about doing this very thing, and creating tsunamis with nuclear weapons," Hambling said. Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion, New York City, New York - 7.6 million fatalities and 4.2 million injuries, Los Angeles, California - 3.9 million fatalities and 3.7 million injuries, Chicago, Illinois - 2.7 million fatalities and 2 million injuries, Houston, Texas - 1.7 million fatalities and 1.7 million injuries, Phoenix, Arizona - 1.3 million fatalities and 1.2 million injuries, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - 2.3 million fatalities and 1.5 million injuries. It's an easy threat to make but a difficult one to follow-through for reasons I'll explain here in some detail. Subs based at Bangor troll the Pacific armed with a mix of 630 nuclear warheads, while 490 more sit in storage in the Strategic Weapons Facility located next to the submarine base. Maintaining the ability to bomb the shit out of us is probably more of a bargaining chip than anything else (I hope). Trumps most ambitious nuclear decision was creation of the W76-2 warhead, carried primarily on subs based at Bangor, which cover the Pacific Ocean, and Kings Bay, Georgia, whose Atlantic fleet covers the current conflict zone in Ukraine. It also called for a new nuclear warhead for sea-launched cruise missiles on Navy ships. Russia and the United States also have "low-yield" nuclear weapons that pack a "light" punch, even dipping below 1 kiloton. But, if you have an existing basement the best way to achieve total privacy without a permit or inspection, is to build a concealed shelter within the basement. In the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, birds and mammals were found to have developed cataracts in their eyes and smaller brains. Its a realistic scenario based on whatU.S.intelligence knows aboutMoscowsnuclear doctrine, described as escalate to de-escalate.. That will give you the minimum radiation protection you need. (Kenneth G. Takada/U.S. Instead, its utility in the conflict in Ukraine is to respond if Russia uses a small nuke first. But the worst problem with buried shelters is the fact that you have to go outside and open a hatch to get inside. It's estimated data. Putin wasted no time escalating nuclear rhetoric after his military began its invasion ofUkrainejust over two weeks ago, moving his arsenal to high alert on the fourth day. The warhead was created to counterRussia, which relies heavily on tactical, or low-yield, nuclear weapons. MD, not overly happy with the Nuclear Target map from WikiCommons. After four decades and $200 billion, the US missile defense system is no match for a Russian nuclear attack By Jim Puzzanghera Globe Staff,Updated March 12, 2022, 2:42 p.m. A photo from the US. March 02, 2023 at 4:43 am PST. We, on the other hand, have formulated a retaliatory strike in our strategy. -- "Should war with a nuclear power happen - and I'm gonna primarily use Russia as my example today as the most dangerous nuclear threat we face - I fully expect three lights . A pro-Vladimir Putin TV host, Dmitry Kiselyov, said in May last year that these torpedoes would be capable of causing a 500-meter [1,640 feet] high tidal wave of radioactive seawater, and that they could "plunge Britain into the depths of the sea". No Such Thing As Doomsday: How to Prepare for Earth Changes, Power Outages, Wars & Other Threats. But for fallout, I believe on days that the jetstream distorts weather southward, I might be downwind of up to three operating nuclear electric plants. British Health Secretary Matt Hancock in . But what do the other colors mean? Beneath the commercial and recreational vessels and island-bound ferries that navigate Puget Sound on any given day, something else swims secretly armed with a payload sufficient to permanently reshape a continent. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. President Putin of Russia has been talking a lot lately about his forces using nuclear weapons presumably tactical nuclear weapons in the war with Ukraine. The Kremlin would likely turn to nuclear weapons if Moscow . Correction 05/16/22, 10:31 a.m. I used NUKEMAP to drop the big one on the nearest military base, and wound up outside the circles for that target. Putin says Russia will stop participating in its last nuclear treaty with the U.S. Russia and the U.S. hold the vast majority of the world's nuclear weapons, with each possessing some 4,000 . Modeling nuclear fallout accurately, in particular, is "very difficult," according to Wellerstein given that there are so many relevant variables, including the type of terrain the explosion is detonated on or over and the weather conditions. This Survival Blog article discusses the relative protection factors for various materials. Vents go up through walls into the attic, and HEPA air filters can be concealed in or under normal cabinets. A few days ago I was doing research on nuclear war, world war 3, and potential nuclear targets and safe distances from those target sites when I came across the NUKEMAP. For more about the nuclear past and present, follow @wellerstein on Twitter, and read Restricted Data: The Nuclear Secrecy Blog. Seattle, Washington- Seattle is also one of the nuclear targets in the U.S. because it hosts several navy bases. Below are some rough estimates for an airburst detonation of the Tsar Bomba at 13,000 feet above the following cities, according to the simulator: Wellerstein stresses that the NUKEMAP model can only provide estimates and is only is good as the data it relies onwhich is to say, not perfect.